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| The Nation of India |
India is the largest democratic
eastern country and seventh largest in the world.
The distance from north to south is about 3800
kilometers and from East to West is about 3000
kilometers. It has over a billion people and
geographically is about one third of the size
of the United States. It has water on three
sides. There are 18 major languages and hundreds
of dialects.
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India received independence
from the British on August 15, 1947. It is divided
into many states. The central government has
its capital in New Delhi and looks after the
welfare of the whole country. It is difficult
to pay attention to local problems, therefore
India is divided into states. There are twenty
eight states. Some parts of the country are
Union territories. Every state has its own capital
and its own government. For each state there
is a Governor, Chief Minister and council of
ministers to run the state's government. Each
state has a different language, culture and
food habits. India is predominantly an agricultural
country but since it's independence it has grown
to be a leading industrial country. At present
it has made great progress in information technology.
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Language:
English enjoys associate status but is the most
important language for national, political,
and commercial communication; Hindi is the national
language and primary tongue of 30% of the people;
there are 14 other official languages: Bengali,
Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam,
Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri,
Sindhi, and Sanskrit; Hindustani is a popular
variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout
northern India but is not an official language
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| National Bird |
: Peacock |
| Natianal Animal |
: Royal Bengal Tiger |
| National Flower |
: Lotus |
| National Fruit |
: Mango |
| National Game |
: Hockey |
| Religions |
: Hindu 82%, Muslims
13%, Christians: 2.5%, Others: 2.5% |
| Currency |
: Rupee |
| Crops |
: Rice, wheat, corn,
maze, sugar, peanuts, chillies, spices |
| Minerals |
: Iron, coal, granite,
black stone, byrates |
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Caste
System: The caste system is very ancient
and is still strong in most of India especially
the rural villages. It is very difficult to overestimate
the hold this system has on the heart and mind
of many Indians as one inherits the caste by his
birth. It is difficult to wipe it ou but itis
being diffused through edcational, social and
economical opportunities.
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| Education: |
The Education
System in modern India goes back to 1857. It is
divided as follows:
1 to 5 grandes is primary school;
6 to 10 grandes is high school;
11 and 12 grandes is junior college;
Three years of bachelors and two years of masters;
Post graduate courses and doctoral studies are available.
After 12th grade one can go for professional courses
like medicine and engineering |
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Literacy
Definition: Age 15 and over can read and
write
Total literacy of population: 59.5%, Male: 70.2%,
Female: 48.3% (2003 est.) |
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Marriage:
Weddings are a very important event in
the Indian family. Tradionally most of the marriages
are arranged by the parents. This is more so in
the villages than in the urban areas. However
the trend is slowly changing. the family plays
a very important role in arranging marriage and
in the life of an individual. |
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The
National Flag:
The national flag is divided horizontally into
three equal parts. The three parts are of the
three different colors. The upper most part is
of saffron color. It is the symbol of reunification,
valor and sacrifice. The middle part of the flag
is in pure white. White color stands for truth
and purity. The lowest part is in dark green.
It represents life and prosperity. In the national
flag, in the center of the white stripe is a circular
wheel, chakra of navy blue color. It has 24 spokes
on it. The Chakra is taken from the Asoka pillar
at Saranath near Varanasi. The wheel reminds us
of motion, progress and great activity. |
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The
National Emblem:
The emblem is in two parts. It has a crest and
the base. The crest shows four lions. the base
shows a horse to the left, a bull to the right
and wheel in between. Below the crest is written
Satyameva Jayate. It means Truth alone triumphs.
The National Anthem:
Jana-Gana-mana-adhinayaka, Jaya he.
Bharata-bhagya-vidhata.
Punjaba-Sindhu-Gaujarata-manatha
Dravida-utkala-banga
Vindhya-Himachala-Yamuna-ganga
Uchchala-jaladhi-taranga.
Tava subha name jage,
Tava subha asisa mage,
Gahe tava haya-gatha.
Jana-Gana-mangala-dayaka, jaya he,
Bharata-Bhagya-vidhata.
Haya he, Jaya he, jaya he. |
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Translation:
Thou art the ruler of the minds of all people. Dispenser
of India's destiny.
Thy name rouses the hearts of the Punjab, Sind, Gujarat
and Maratha,
of the Dravid and Orissa and Bengal.
It echos in the hills of Vindhyas and Himalayas,
mingles in the music of the Jamuna and the ganges
and is chanted by the waves of the Indian sea.
They pray for the blessings and sing thy praise. |
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| The National
Anthem is a song in praise of motherland. It gives a message
of tolerance and national unity . It is written by poet
and nobel price winner Rabindranath Togore. |
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| THE STATE OF ANDHRA
PRADESH |
Area:
275,045 kilometers
Capital:
Hyderabad
Population:
75,727,541
Languages:
Telugu, Urdu and English |
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Andhra
Pradesh, where FCN operates, is the fifth largest state
in India, both in area and in population. The northern
area of AP is mountainous. The highest peak Mahendragirl
is 1500 M (4920 ft). Krishna and Godavari are the two
major rivers. Agriculture is the main occupation of
the most of the people in the villages. Rice is the
main crop. Farming has become very difficult due to
failure of monsoons. Kadapa where FCN has its programs
in A.P. and main office at Porumamilla, 300 km north-west
of Chennai. |
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